CYP1A2 is part of the cytochrome P450 family of drug-metabolizing enzymes. Cytochrome p450 protein is a monooxygenase that catalyzes the metabolism of drugs and the synthesis of lipids such as cholesterol and steroids. CYP1A2 is a gene with two clusters (namely, CYP1A1 and CYP1B1), usually located on chromosome 15. CYP1A2 and CYP1A1 are 5'-flanking regions comprising 23kb. It contains all regulatory elements and genes (back to back), and then transcription occurs in the opposite direction. The CYP1A2 gene spans approximately 7.8 kb and consists of seven exons, six introns and a 55-bp long non-coding exon.

CYP1A2 is a metabolic enzyme normally found in the liver. It consists of about 13% CYP proteins, and about 100 substrates have been reported for CYP1A2 and used in clinical medicine. CYP1A2 plays an important role in the metabolism of drugs such as clozapine, olanzapine, fluvoxamine, haloperidol, and theophylline; melatonin, bilirubin, estrogen, carcinogens, aflatoxin B1, Biotransformation of aromatic/heterocyclic amines and endogenous compounds such as caffeine. Caffeine, a well-established substrate and inducer of CYP1A2, has been used to estimate CYP1A2 activity in human subjects. CYP1A2 expression and activity exhibit approximately 40-fold interindividual variation in human liver.

R & D status

Many SNPs occur in the CYP1A2 gene, and most non-synonymous SNPs encode enzymes that are less active than their wild-type counterparts (CYP1A2*2 to *21); however, these SNPs occur very infrequently. SNPs in the CYP1A2 regulatory region generate relatively frequent variant alleles CYP1A2*1C and *1F. CYP1A2*1C is associated with reduced caffeine 3-demethylation in Japanese smokers, suggesting a reduced inducibility of PAHs in cigarette smoke. The CYP1A2*1F allele is associated with increased caffeine metabolism in Caucasian smokers. One study also found an association between the CYP1A2*1F allele and increased caffeine intake and reduced risk of hypertension in non-smokers.

CYP1A2 gene polymorphism drug guide standard

The detection of CYP1A2 gene is of great significance to clinical patients. In order to ensure the accuracy of gene detection, we have introduced standard products related to drug-guided gene detection, which can be selected by manufacturers of kit development.

CYP1A2*1F Reference Standard RQPA0031

CYP1A2*1F Reference Standard RQPA0032